It is ascended by a stone perron, between 15 and 20 minutes, depending on the physical state. Toward the right the right and wide platforms are located, guided toward the side of the square. The superior group of platforms, traverse to the previous group and bigger height, it highlights for the fine work of figured of their stones and the excellent assembling of the polyhedrons. In their last platform the Enclosure is located with Ten Niches and the Monumental, beautifully worked Cover, for where you consents to a plain with enormous stone blocks to means to work and other not worked. A little above it is the sector The Chicano. It is a small enclosure, formed by big stones of where it lowers a perron. In higher planes, they are other constructions and covers that, according to Kauffmann Doig, they could have been part of not finished structures. Among them it highlights The Temple of the Sun.

The Temple of the Sun
Seventeen terraces that you/they look to the square at Mañay Racay defended the entrance to the Temple of the Sun. Today is sadly destroyed and broken into fragments. The searchers of construction blocks contributed to their deterioration. Many stones of red pórfido appear in the vicinity of the square and others were used as foundations of the colonial church.

Nevertheless, and due to their great volume, six gigantic monoliths of red pórfido survived the destruction. The impressive cyclopean wall has an inclination toward inside and some prominences worked in the surface of the stone. One of their masses measures more than four meters high, for two of wide and other two of depth. To the back of the Temple of the Sun another wall is located that crosses the highest part in the hill.
It is believed that the arrival of the conquerors prevented that you concludes its construction.

Inca Huatana
o be in an almost vertical bank, he/she gives the idea of a sacred place. It is located exactly above the Temple of the Sun and it consists of a wall with high niches to whose sides are holes of security of up to 80 cm. deep. To the front there is a structure that practically hangs on the cliff. In the popular imagination this place was dedicated to the torture and the prisoners' of war execution or criminals. The accepted version is that it was an astronomical observatory.

The Cachicata Stone
If at some time it has had curiosity to know how the stones were worked with which the Inca built their cities, then this is a walk that should not forget to visit. The quarries of stone of Cachiccata are in the lands of the old country property of the same name, to nine kilometers of the town of Ollantaytambo. They consist of three groups of quarries: Molle Pucro that was being abandoned by the Inca, Sirkusirkuyoc, the biggest, shows evidences of having been in full operation; and Kantirayoq or Cachiccata, the smallest, it was being exploited with technical and different materials. The type of stone of Cachiccata, the riolito, only corresponds one of the stone varieties with which the town of Ollantaytambo was built, being ignored the place of origin of the rest. To the view, the quarries were abandoned when Inca Cripple retired of Ollantaytambo. How were the stones transferred from the quarries to the town? The most probable thing is that they have been dragged it hill below, using the platforms that are part of the complex and that they arrive until the river, in front of the denominated area Rumira. Starting from there, the Vilcanota crossed using an island that today still exists and you continued pulling until arriving to the later part of The Fortress. In this sector it is possible to appreciate an access ramp, of big dimensions that it would allow to go up the blocks until the temple. Inside the area we will be able to find chullpas, characteristic constructions of the qollas from the altiplano, Puno that the versions of the columnists that say that the Inca Pachacútec used to these building masters to build Ollantaytambo. The circuit proposed to know the quarries will allow us to arrive through the bridge of Incan bases and to return for the modern bridge of Rumira, following the way to those "tired stones" riolite blocks that stayed halfway of being transferred toward the town and that they testify the inopportune abandonment of the construction work in Ollantaytambo.

bigger ventilation as much as bigger was the contained volume in them, for what the level of conservation of the products was very high. In the place we find two types of deposits, both rectangular ones: some in a closed way, others whose parts leading are lower than the later ones, with roofs of very marked slope and with big openings by way of windows in the front and later parts. It is very difficult to know with certainty what a type of products they were stored in Pinkuylluna, but it should probably be corn in their majority, next to other eatable products. The circuit proposed to know these attractiveness will take us up hill toward the deposits, leaving of Qosco Ayllu. After approximately 3 kilometers of walk, we will have arrived to the groups, from those that we will have the most beautiful and impressive views in Araqama Ayllu and The Fortress.

Hacienda of Pachar
The country properties were the economic and social unit that more has marked the history of the Peru. These arose at the end of the XVI century as consequence of the appropriation of lands that began with the Spanish conquest and it lasted four centuries, until the second half of the XX century. The circuit will allow us to know an old country property and it will give us an idea of the agricultural exploitation system that the Spaniards used who took advantage of the excellent conditions that the Inca built in the area. But we will also be able to appreciate the current conditions of life of a small town arisen as consequence of the end of the era of the "hacendados" (owners of the haciendas). Pachar was one of the first country properties of the valley. A Spanish "segundón" ( those that didn't participate in the conquest because they arrived later) called Antonio of Porras bought a small earth piece to the local curaca, Francisco Mayontopa, descending of the Inca Pachacútec, Taking advantage of his notary position and his bonds with the local nobility, Spanish consolidated its property in the first half of the XVI century. Then the nuns of Convent of Santa Clara acquired all Pachar, but in the beginning of XVII century they arrived to the valley the monks bethlemita and Pachar passed to form bigger agrarian complex of their time: the county bethlemita extended from Machupicchu to the country property, occupying the left bank of fence of Vilcanota. With the arrival of the Independence, the bethlemita left the country and Pachar was being subdivided up to 1968 when, with the Agrarian Reformation, it passed at the hands of the farmers. The circuit takes us toward this picturesque town crossing the bridge of Inca bases, bringing us for an old road that passes among the magnificent Inca platforms. Before being arrived it goes by Chocana and when returning, by Inka Pintay, two control positions. Inca Pintay is a structure of figured stone that seems to have been the main door of access toward the town of Ollantaytambo. Chocana has a position that allows observing an excellent view of the part west of the valley and it closes the access totally to the town for this side of the river. When arriving to Pachar we will be able to enjoy excellent views of the countryside and of the deposits that stored the production in Incan times. If the hour is favorable, we will be able to see the train that goes toward Machupicchu crossing among the cultivation fields.

Citadel of Pumamarka
Pumamarka is a citadel located in the high of a hill, in the convergence of the river Patakancha and it flows the Yuracmayo (Rio Blanco), dominating a strategic place from which one has a privileged view of both valleys. Their position allows him to control the population and the distribution of the waters that lower from the channel of the same name. But a great mystery surrounds to these impressive remains: nobody knows exactly when the citadel was built, neither which its specific function was. For some authors, it could have been another control position dedicated to limit the population's step for the side of the Antisuyo, one of the four "suyos" or regions in those that the Incan Empire was divided, but the construction is too big to only have completed this function. The architecture type that the place presents corresponds to the Incan one, for what is supposed that Purnamarka would correspond one of the first establishments of this group in the area of Ollantaytambo. But the construction was carried out in stages that began around the XIII century, a date that doesn't correspond with the arrival of the Inca to the valley, according to the documents of the middle of the XV century. There are two possible explanations: it would have been built by the Ayarmacas, town that belonged to the same ethnic group that the Inca sharing cultural and maybe technical elements of construction with them. The other option, more intriguing, would be that the presence of the Inca in the area is much older of what we believe and some new investigations are contributing us in this sense. The route begins leaving Ollantaytambo by the old road toward Cqobamba until finding a bifurcation to the height of the area of Munaypata. Here the ascent begins heading for Pumamarka. In the route toward the citadel of Pumamarka the impressive group of andenerías of Choquebamba is appreciated, one of the best use examples "land" Incan Empire.

Lagoon of Yanacocha
The Incas knew how to use all the elements that the nature offered them to enlarge and to improve the base of its economic system, the agriculture very well. Yanacocha is a lagoon that is located in the heights of the town, to 4,000 m.a.s.l and from which is enjoyed a startling vision of the valley. The Inca built a channel that took water from here until the area of The Fortress, through 14 kilometers. The borders of the lagoon were covered in figured stones to avoid that the water filtered for their muddy borders and it was wasted. The exit of water toward the channel was also paved to facilitate the speed with which the liquid came out toward the urban area. The supply of water in the town was constant thanks to this type of engineering works, because the lagoon is constantly supplied by the thaw of the snowy Alankoma that it is in the proximities. Learning more about Andean technology is not the only reason to walk for this ancestral route, the fauna variety and native flora that you can appreciate during the ascent it is magnificent, from the almost extinct queuña to the fascinating condor, besides being surprised with the snowy protectors of Ollantaytambo. The circuit proposed to arrive to Yanacocha leaves of the town, it crosses the old country property Rumira, and it ascends toward the lagoon. The returning way is made by the route of the channel until arriving to the summit of the hill Bandolista, to the foot of which is The Fortress. An additional and longer route will take us from the platforms of Choquebamba toward the lagoon, crossing the hills that surround the snowy Alankoma, and arriving to Yanacocha after 20 kilometers of journey.

Community of Willoc
The rural community of Willoc offers us the possibility to know characters that maintain a traditional lifestyle. With the arrival of the Spaniards and the consolidation of the system of country properties, the indigenous communities that settled in near lands to the town in principle, retired to more and higher lands, it was the case of Willoc. The owners of the country property Huatabamba (called later: Compone) they were the members of the family Centeno Fernández de Heredia and their property embraced the lands of the valley of Patakancha, but they were never able to appropriate of the lands of those who settled in the puna like Willoc, because the Spanish legislation protected them. With the arrival of the republic these laws were done and the Bolivian Artajona was able to appropriate of the lands. The farmers became pongos, workers that in exchange for an earth piece inside the country property should complete with a series of works for the owner of the hacienda. With the promulgation of the law of Agrarian Reformation in 1968, the farmers acquire the lands, forming the rural community of Willoc. Four kilometers before arriving to Willoc, Markacocha is that contains remains archaeological Pre Incan and a small church amid a hill, built to surrender cult to the image of the Niño de Markacocha in whose interior will find hundreds of human skulls as decoration. The Ancestral Route to Willoc will transfer us to a past that continues alive in the traditions of its residents: we will see how they live and these men work whose maternal language continues being the Quechua one and whose red gears identify them as members of an unique ayllu and different to the rest of the region. To arrive at this town we should follow the highway that leaves Ollantaytambo toward Oqobamba and to follow it for 19 kilometers until the community.